Population Explosion In The Philippines essays

Population Explosion In The Philippines essays Population explosion is considered as one of the undisputable alarming obstacles that stand on the path of the less developed countries. These countries produce great numbers in terms of human resources because the birth rate is much higher than in the rich countries, but the rate of employment and production in the poor countries is very low. Definitely this is a very serious problem that the government should never take for granted. The Philippines belong to the group of these less developed countries. And as we all know, the growth of population in our country is unstoppable. In fact, the Philippine population is one of the fastest growing countries in the world. It is estimated that 3,000 Filipino babies are born every day, 100,000 every month, or one million a year to round up the figures. There are more babies being born today than there were in the 1970s. There will be more babies born 20 years from now than the number of babies that are born this day. In this lies the problem: at first, the babies need milk, diapers and vitamins. But the trouble is, babies grow up. And when they do, they need education, which requires more school structures; they need food, clothing, houses, jobs, etc. These are basic needs that must be filled. Providing them creates a large number of problems that demand the fullest utilization of the nations resources. This rapid growth of population is quite hard to endure for it really affects both the social and economic condition of our country. However, population growth cannot be controlled easily because of cultural and religious reasons, not to mention, the Philippines is known to be very conservative and very much Catholic, in its broadest sense. The Filipinos are truly bound to their being Christians that their minds are closed to the idea of contraceptives as one of the ways of family planning (to avoid the rapid increase of the populati ...

Fiction Writing Tips

Fiction Writing Tips Writing fiction is an art that is learned over time. One learns to write stories by writing and reading all the fiction writing tips that they can find. A good writer tends to be very observant of their surroundings and reads everything they can get their hands on. And most of all, they carve out a designated time every single day to write. Here is some fiction writing tips that any writer needs to know in order to produce a believable fiction that readers will enjoy reading. Fiction Writing Tip #1: Plot and character development. A good story will have a series of events that connect and unfold in a chronological order. Keep it tightly controlled without allowing it to stray off course in order to keep the readers interested. They’ll keep reading to see how all the different points in the story connect at the end. Fiction Writing Tip #2: Create memorable characters. The reader has to actually feel that the character could possibly be an actual person before they can identify with your story. Using dialogue, actions and thoughts to define the character for the readers. The reader should be able to create the image and idea of who your character is through their speech, mannerisms and thoughts rather than have every single detail spelled out for them. Fiction Writing Tip #3: Without proper setting the reader is likely to get lost in the story. The writer needs to be able to weave the setting by using atmosphere, location and mood into the story line. This way the reader stays grounded by knowing where the story is taking place and what the general atmosphere is like. Fiction Writing Tip #4: Make dialogue realistic and close to real life. However, this is one of the trickier fiction writing tip. If dialogue is made to mirror true life too much, it will make for a boring and tedious read. Use dialogue to describe characters, show personality and even to project events. Fiction writing tips show that interesting dialogue will grab a reader and carry them through the story. Don’t try to get too creative with dialect or slang especially with the main characters for this can slow down the story too much. It is good fiction writing tips to show the character by using varying forms of dialogue to show the character but too much of it can slow things down dramatically. Fiction Writing Tip #5: Establish point of view. Decide how the story is going to be told; if it’s going to be in third person or first person, you need to make that decision before you ever set pen to paper. Certain stories have to stay on a certain track depending on how the point of view is determined. First person has to be told strictly from the first person point of view, which means it’s basically all about the main character. Third person allows for the actions of all the characters but limits the narrator from describing the inner thoughts or feelings about them. Fiction Writing Tip #6: Craft your own writing style. It’s basically how the writer decides to tell the story. Short concise sentences that make strong statements are desirable. Avoid getting too wordy and fanatical about the English language. The smoother the story flows, the easier it will be for the reader to read along with it. These fiction writing tips are good for any writer to know and utilize in their craft. By following these simple fiction writing tips, one can create a successful story that everyone will enjoy reading.

TBD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

TBD - Essay Example Possibly the simplest means to resolve this dilemma is to consider the tongue-cutting in the author's book as story bound, as an application of Kingston's artistic thoughts. The remarkable effort that has been done on Kingston's ground-breaking utilization of genre in The Woman Warrior upholds such analysis. Screening Kingston's book as a chronicle in the conventional sense is presently dishonored. Yet, while The Woman Warrior does not request for a distinction of truth from imaginary tale, too quickly tagging as imaginary every occurrence in the book that potentially indicates intercultural apprehension does not facilitate comprehension of Kingston's stylish treatment of actuality and imagination. The author censures the building of a language custom by presenting how language differentiation develops into race-oriented language. The act of tongue-cutting is essential to comprehending how language, frequently considered empty of material meaning, cannot be understood apart from the body. Erving Goffman's hypothesis of stigma triggers a great fraction of this debate, since it is necessary to demonstrate the relationship between the creation of a language custom and the stigmatization of specific language dissimilarities. It is best to begin at the speaker's school commencement into a collective world of "normal" language as well as social norms. The speaker has difficulties in school, because of conflicts between her and the norms of satisfactory classroom performance, exemplify how the decisive factors for identifying aptitude and disability transform depending on social and cultural conditions. It is also ideal to concentrate on the act of tongue-cutting and the undecided association that the speaker has to her verbal communication. It is possible to examine two incidents from the story that exemplifies the speaker's worries about language and her discovery of how to establish her relationship with language. For the speaker of The Woman Warrior, school is the location where she initially studies about customs. Though public schooling is a recognized way of socialization, the cultural differentiations involving dwelling and school resulted to difficulties in the understanding of socialization for the speaker. The primary coping approach she assumed when she is shoved into an unfamiliar world of community organization is to resort to silence. Muteness has functioned as a defensive guard, but it revolves into a pressure issue the instant the speaker recognizes that muteness is not well-accepted by her instructors. The virtuousness of muteness is vanished when the speaker learns a consciousness of the social purpose credited to language. In the final episode of The Woman Warrior, the speaker ponders on the origins of her language. After analyzing her ability for formulating and exaggerating stories, the speaker astoundingly reveals

The process of assessing of need and risk in a given case Essay

The process of assessing of need and risk in a given case - Essay Example Secondly, social workers must, with every chance they get, to teach society about the rights of diverse individuals to all members of the society, thus preventing or decreasing the chances of discrimination or oppression. Finally, social workers should address chances of unfair treatment being received by diverse individuals. The application of social work is a case-to-case basis, no plan of action can be applied to two different scenarios. Thus, to determine the plan of action in a specific case, the assessment of needs and risks should be done for every individual or institution in question. In this paper, I will discuss the case of a British geriatric couple, Jo and Vivian, who are anxious about the possibility of being sent to a nursing home because of their medical condition. Before visiting the couple, I will enumerate the needs and risks this couple has, and with this, I will give a list of pre-interview list of means to address the issues of Jo and Vivian.. NEEDS AND RISKS In this part of the report, the needs and risks of Jo and Vivian are discussed. ... In the case of Jo and Vivian, such difficulty initially started when Vivian had to resign to take care of Jo, who, in that time, was starting to feel the debilitating effects of arthritis. Making things worse, Vivian suffers from depression, and needs to undergo medication also. Without someone else to pay for their basic and additional needs, the lack of resources to pay for their special health care makes them susceptible to other risks, such as injury and complications Further health issues. Even without illnesses, geriatric individuals such as Jo, age 87, and Vivian, age 63, undergo physical changes that impair their ability to perform day-to-day activities, as many and as often as they could back in their younger days. As a person ages, he/she develops poor eyesight, hearing loss, weak balance, and painful walking. The risk of injuries resulting from these age-dependent physical limitations must be addressed accordingly. To address these health issues, they need someone to look after them on a regular basis, providing them their food, helping them take a bath and change clothes, giving them the right amount of medicines on the time it is needed, and ensuring the injury-free environment at home.. Unfortunately, Sam, the district nurse, and Chris, the good friend, are not enough to help the couple in their regular activities such as eating and taking a bath, simply because they are not with Jo and Vivian most of the time. Usually, a member of their nuclear family takes the responsibility of taking care of their elders, either by sending them in nursing homes or taking care of them in the comforts of their own home. But in this case, Jo and Vivian do not have

Sonnet anlysis 116 Essay Example for Free

Sonnet anlysis 116 Essay Sonnet 116 is clearly one of the many poems that take part of Shakespeares Quarto1. From the name, we can therefore not deduce any important informations that could be useful in analyzing it, as it was simply given a number as a title. Yet through first impressions we can immediately notice that all rhyming and iambic pentameter specifications; quatrains, couplets and syllables, are followed and respected to perfection and simplicity. Reading through the beautiful lines of this poem, one immediately notices the ease of the words chosen to express the thoughts of the speaker. What the speaker is saying are his thoughts about love. What love is and what love is not. Reading and rereading, I have to be sincere and say that I agree with what Shakespeare wrote 500 years ago. He divides his thoughts within the quatrains and couplets of his sonnet. In the first quatrain he talks about what love is not; in the second, what love is; and in the third, he talks again about what love is not. The opening line of the first quatrain includes, Let me not to the marriage of true minds / admit impediments. here he introduces the fact that he believes that true love is perfect and unchangeable no matter the situation encountered. With the use of an enjambment, there being no form of pause between lines, the poet is capable of grabbing peoples attention and making them immediately aware of what the recurring theme actually is; love being solid despite everything. Another poetic technique used in this first quatrain is alliteration; being when there is a repetition of consonants in words near each other. This can be found in line 1 and 3, with the repetition of Ts. This could then be further developed and said to be a consonance if looking at the first and second quatrains because of the various repetitions of Ts at the end of several words. In love is not love we have the presence of euphony where we hear the repetition of the vowels o creating a phonetic technique. In the second quatrain, we then encounter a fairly easy metaphor to notice which compares the sea, to life. an ever-fixed mark that looks on tempests and is never shaken A person goes through life, just like a ship does through sea. With tempests the speaker refers to obstacles encountered on the way, but as bad weather comes and gos, so do difficulties. As in ever-fixed mark we have to do with a light house, which is fixed and remains in place; just like love. As light houses guide ships through the sea, love guides people through life; the speaker in fact proposes to find your way to navigate through the stars and you will encounter your will, It is the star to every wandering bark. In line 7 we can also find assonance, the repetition of a vowel; in this case the repetition of As which grab peoples attention. Imagery is also very frequent in this poem, worths unknown, although this height be taken. Like stars, love is something we can touch and feel; but the fact that one can use it does not mean that you can quantify it. The true value of love is unknown and cannot be calculated the same way height could be. We simply have to live it day by day and be ready to live new experiences. Love really does take an important role in peoples lives, and really does help them to navigate through the different stages of growth and development. What Shakespeare is trying to explain is that no matter what, we should always feel to have affection, and we should learn to overcome any difficulties as a tempest, always goes away sooner or later. In the third quatrain we go through a series of images and personifications that allow us to reflect much upon what is said to us. Loves not Times fool love is not compassionate about time, and even though beauty changes; love is not fooled and does not change. though rosy lips and cheeks, time is personified into a face and we get the impression that it can be trapped and conquered, as can be a beautiful face with rosy lips. bending sickles compass with a sickle being a menacing harvesting tool, we can deduce once again that physical beauty can vanish. Giving the imagery of a menacing tool like a sickle, we get a very close connection towards death. Love cannot absolutely be measured in brief hours and weeks, it is eternal. Going on, bears it out even to the edge of doom. To doom it refers to dooms day in which the world will end. The speaker declared that love will last until then end, no matter what. In the final couplet, the speaker gives us the idea of truth in his words. He says that if his statements are proved wrong, he would pronounce to not have written a word. He does also know that, it is impossible to have never loved, so this ensures you that what Shakespeare claims to be his view of love, is actually entirely true.

Thornton Wilders Our Town Essay -- Essays Papers

Thornton Wilder's Our Town Our Town is play written a while ago, but it relates to any time. Showing that routine is a part of everybody’s life. No matter what day and age you live in your going to have a routine. This play shows an example of two families and their daily routines. The whole play relates to routine even the different acts. Our Town takes place in Grover’s Corner, New Hampshire around the turn of the century. (1900’s). This play uses a lot of flashbacks. There’s one with George and Emily when they first fall in love at Mr. Morgan’s shop. It also uses foreshadowing. When they told of how everyone died. Another flashback is when Joe comes back after about ten years and they talk about the dead and everyone’s lives. George was one of my favorite characters. He’s really the only one I could relate to. He seems to be the only one that isn’t caught up in the routine thing as much as the other characters. He plays baseball and loves Emily. He is the protagonist. Emily was a round static character too. Simon the town drunk was an antagonist, flat, and dynamic. There were 3 acts. These three acts are all different days that are years apart. A cycle, born, get married, and die. In Our Town Act one was the beginning of a day and the childhood of George and Emily. Act two was in the middle of the day years later where George and Emily get married. Finally Act three is the end of the day when Emily is dead and goes back for her twelfth birthday. The stage direc...

How Is Blanche’s Illusionary World Broken Down in the Play by Others? Essay

In the 1947 play A Streetcar Named Desire written by Tennessee Williams, there is an on going battle of rivalry between Stanley and Blanche, resulting to Blanche retreating into a world of illusions in order to protect herself. The two come from completely different societal worlds and have contrasting personalities, Stanley being powerful, controlling and strong and Blanche, being fragile, weak and vulnerable. Despite their hatred for each other and their differences they have many similar traits, including their use of sexuality and desperation to control others. The primary noticeable difference between Stanley and Blanche are the worlds that they both come from. Blanche believes in an illusionary world of which the upper and lower class people are separated, education is valued, races are separated and purity is preserved. In contrast, Stanley comes from a patriarchal society, which is morally corrupt, sinful and amoral. In the opening scene, the stage directions â€Å"her expression is one of shocked disbelief. Her appearance is incongruous to this setting† conveys her difference in class and how Blanche already does not fit into this new world foreshadowing the end of the play when Blanche is pushed out of the new world. The dialogue â€Å" they mustn’t have- understood- what number I wanted† highlights Blanche’s confusion as she arrives at Elysian Fields, which suggests that Blanche is entering into a world that she does not belong in. The use of the derogatory terms â€Å"negro†, â€Å"brown† and â€Å"one white and one coloured† all suggest that unlike in Blanche’s illusionary world, Stanley’s world, New Orleans does not separate races instead they intermingle. Throughout the play there are many references to animalistic qualities. Blanche is represented, as a â€Å"moth† of which is fragile and attracted to light, which leads to danger and death. Stanley is compared to a lion, a predator of power and strong with pride. Stanley is also described in the stage directions ass having ‘lordly composure’ this conveys his desire to be in charge or control of others around him, including Blanche. The use of the verb, â€Å"stalk,† suggests Stanley’s predatory nature. It is aggressive and masculine which is shown through Stanley’s hatred towards Blanche. The conflict between Stanley and Blanches is a fight for Stella’s love and control over their worlds. Stanley aims to break down Blanche’s illusionary world and dismantle her by revealing the truth and invading her privacy. Blanche’s statement â€Å"Everything I own is in that trunk† highlights that Stanley intends on ownership to break Blanche. Furthermore Stanley reveals the truth about Blanche’s sexual promiscuity. This is evident in his dialogue â€Å"You’re god dam right I told him. I’d have that on my conscience for the rest of my life if I knew all the stuff and I let my best friend get caught. † Stanley’s exposure of Blanche’s secret not only breaks the relationship between Blanche and Mitch, but further breaks down her illusionary world. Stanley’s intrusion of Blanche’s trunk marks the beginning of his invasion of Blanche. The use of the motif lights is a representation of Blanche attempting to hide from the truth as light symbolizes the harsh reality of the truth. The lack of light symbolizes Blanche’s need to avoid light, meaning reality and the truth. Stanley and Stella’s love for each other contributes to the break down of Blanche’s illusionary world. It is evident from the beginning that Blanche does not understand their marriage as it is based on opportunism and unlike Stella, Blanche has not yet accepted reality. Blanche is holding onto the past making her unable to accept reality. Blanche attempts to break down Stella and Stanley’s happiness, which was based on sex not genuine love. When Stanley says â€Å"I done nothing to no one. Let go of my shirt. You’ve torn. † It represents that their relationship has been broken, like the ‘torn’ shirt. In scene Ten Stanley’s rape of Blanche is a physical manifestation of his attempt to dismantle her privacy throughout the whole text, going through her bags, finding out about Laurel and revealing her secrets to Mitch. Stanley represents reality. He will not allow Blanche to retreat into her illusionary world. Clearly, the 1947 play A Streetcar Named Desire by Tennessee Williams reflects the on going battle of rivalry between Stanley and Blanche, resulting to Blanche retreating into a world of illusions in order to protect herself. Although Blanche lives in an illusionary world she is unable to sustain it, she attempts to hold onto this world in order to survive in the New World and protect herself. However Stanley’s ongoing rivalry to win over Stella by revealing the truth and breaking Blanche makes it almost impossible for Blanche to survive in the patriarchal society, resulting in her ending up in a mental institution. The new world is patriarchal and corrupt and violence has been normalised. Williams critiques these values suggesting that balance between â€Å"magic† of illusion and reality is needed. This is symbolic of the greater societal clash of values in the struggling world of late 1940’s America.

Gauging The Causes Of Energy Insecurity Economics Essay

IntroductionNumerous energy literatures written by academic research workers, every bit good as statements made by representatives of oil consuming and oil bring forthing states have indicated that the construct of energy security is an elusive 1. There has been varied definitions for energy security runing from uninterrupted oil supplies at ‘reasonable monetary values ‘ to physical security of energy installations from break and really late an add-on to the definition is the ability to run into energy demands while equilibrating the environmental concerns of clime alteration extenuation. The ensuing consequence of so many definitions of energy security is that the appraisal of energy security non so straightforward. Different states depending on their ain peculiar fortunes step energy security otherwise hence doing the construct ‘self functioning ‘ . Literature has nevertheless identified some generalized factors as being the constituents of energy security in any state. Factors including: diverseness of energy supplies, degree of imports ; security of trade flows ; energy geopolitics ; portion of one peculiar fuel in the fuel mix ; market/price volatility and energy dependability, have been identified as utile for understanding energy security in any state. Energy insecurity no matter the cause consequences in welfare loss to society. Of all the causes of energy insecurity none is as politicized, relentless and permeant as fossil fuel resource concentration. The challenge of dodo fuel concentration is obvious from geological facts that grounds the skewed spread of fossil fuel sedimentations in certain parts in the universe. The of import inquiries that this paper seeks to reply are ; What are the causes of Energy insecurity? Can we divide the physical handiness and monetary value constituent of energy insecurity? How does fossil fuel concentration affect each constituent above every bit good as the energy insecurity job in general? How do we economically assess the public assistance deductions of energy insecurity due to fossil fuel concentration on an economic system? A careful survey of the issues raised above has been undertaken and it is hoped that the replies supplied in this paper would supply a clear counsel for policy shaper ‘s on the energy security deduction of fossil fuel concentration. Chapter one introduces the paper. Chapter two discusses the energy security challenge while concentrating on the unjust distribution of fossil fuels and the impact of menaces and Acts of the Apostless of terrorist act on energy security. Chapter three focal points on the measurings of fossil fuel concentration get downing with the methodological model of Herfindahl Hirshman Index ( HHI ) and ends with the more practical method suggested by Levefre. Chapter four focal points on the instance surveies get downing with why the pick of Japan and USA while so utilizing already calculated indexes and IEA informations to measure the ESPI for each fuel and ESPAI for gas in the command to gauge the impact to energy security of dodo fuel resource concentration and a projection is made for these two indexs to 2030 based on IEA mention scenario. Finally, chapter five concludes the paper.THE ENERGY SECURITY CHALLENGE2.1 WHAT CAUSES ENERGY INSECURITY?In the twenty-first century universe, many econo mic systems depend extremely on energy to drive industrialization and power their economic systems. The demand for fossil fuels ( oil, coal and natural gas ) in the modern car industry, power coevals, agribusiness, fabrication and virtually all facets of human life has made the handiness and regular ( uninterrupted ) supply of energy at low-cost monetary values a really of import policy end for most authoritiess[ 6 ]. However, since all states do non possess the same sum of resource sedimentations with their boundary lines, many states have had to trust on imports for run intoing their energy demands hence exposing such states to the menace of break in supply of energy as a consequence of the exogenic nature of supply. Furthermore, the menace of clime alteration and lifting temperature degrees has made the energy security challenge far more complex because it is no longer plenty pursue uninterrupted supply of energy but besides guarantee that it is done in an environmentally sustainable mode. Besides, the asymmetric spread of fossil fuel sedimentations in the universe has proven to be rather of import in the finding of fossil fuel trade good monetary values and the oil market in peculiar is peculiarly volatile as a consequence of this. This un-equal distribution of natural resources with the boundary lines of each state of the universe has created a planetary trade good market for oil, gas and coal but besides caused energy insecurity[ 7 ]. As pervading as the geo-politics of oil is, there is small research on the economic appraisal of energy security deduction of fossil fuel resource concentration due to the qualitative nature of political instability which has proven really hard to mensurate. This paper seeks to bridge this spread by supplying indexes that will capture the impact of political instability on monetary value and physical handiness constituents of energy security[ 8 ]2.2 THE INEQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION OF ENERGY RESOURCESIEA ( 2009 ) reveals that fossil fuels together accounted for a sum of 81 % of the World primary energy demand in 2007. Oil demand is 33 % of entire and represents the largest portion with coal ( 27 % ) and Gas ( 21 % ) ranking 2nd and 3rd topographic point severally[ 9 ]. The inquiry now is what is the geographical distribution of these energy resources?[ 10 ]( See figure 1 below ) Harmonizing to Energy Information Agency ( EIA ) in 2005[ 11 ], the part that holds the universe ‘s largest proven militias of oil is the Middle East ( Approximately about 800billion barrels of proved militias of oil ) . In footings of proportion, over 65 % of the universes proven crude oil Militias are situated in the Middle East, approximately 78.2 % are located in Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries ( OPEC ) , 25 % are located in Saudi Arabia entirely and the Russian Federation histories for 5.7 % and is ranked as the following largest manufacturer outside OPEC ( See figure 2 below ) A more recent survey carried out in 2010 by the Institute Francias du Petrole ( IFP ) reveals the proven, possible probable and possible militias of oil around the universe and the Middle East remains dominant accounting for approximately 58 % of the universe proven militias of oil[ 12 ]. ( See figure 3 below ) A closer expression at the regional distribution of oil shows that 9 out of the 11 richest oil bring forthing states in the universe are located around the Caspian Sea Region a really volatile and conflict prone part marked by many wars and political instability[ 13 ]. The Chechenya struggle in Russia, the USA-Iraq invasion and the Niger delta agitation in Nigeria are some of the illustrations of such struggles to advert a few[ 14 ]. ( See figure 4 below ) . Natural gas militias are besides unevenly distributed by geographic part worldwide. From the figure below, most dominant part is the Middle East accounting for approximately 45 % of universes proved militias[ 15 ]. Until late due to transit restraints, the majority of gas had to be traded within the major geographical parts that possessed this resource. With the coming of LNG ( Liquefied Natural Gas ) , universe economic systems have witnessed the development of a truly planetary gas market. ( See figure 5 below ) The geographical distribution of coal militias nevertheless reveals a different image. Coal militias are reasonably equally distributed worldwide, but with a few dominant states Harmonizing to World Energy Council ( WEC ) study informations for about 70 states, One-third of coal militias is located in North America ( 29 % ) , dominated by the United States ; one-third in Eurasia ( 34 % ) , dominated by Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Serbia ; and one-third in Asia-Oceania ( 31 % ) , where the militias in China entirely are equal to the amount of the militias in India and Australia. Africa represents less than 5 % of the sum, with the majority of the coal wealth to be found in South Africa and South America holds merely 2 % of universe militias[ 16 ]. Proven militias of coal at year-end 2008 stood at an estimated 826 billion dozenss ( Gt ) , stand foring about 122 old ages of production at the current rate[ 17 ]. Regional production of coal nevertheless reveals the laterality of the Asia-pacific part ( 61 % ) with China and India playing a major function. North America produces 19 % ; Europe produces 14 % and the remainder of the universe ( 6 % )[ 18 ]. ( See figure 6 below )2.3 THREATS AND ENERGY INSECURITYThe skewed distribution of dodo fuel militias ( oil in specific ) has led to a battalion of differences throughout clip and history. Today, about 30 % of current struggles ( wars ) have been straight linked to oil[ 20 ]. More late acts of terrorist act by Al-Qaeda and attached Jihadist group have been targeted at Middle East Oil[ 21 ]. In 2002, a Gallic oil oiler ( Limbourg ) off the Yemen Coast was attacked with a suicide boat filled with explosives. Al-Qaeda besides attacked the Saudi port of Yanbu in 2003-2004, killing five applied scientists from the Western World. In 2006, a failed effort to assail the Abqaiq refinery took topographic point. The existent impact of these menaces asides its existent consequence on the monetary value of oil, is on the investor assurance in the degree of security, effectivity of jurisprudence enforcement establishments every bit good as the credibleness of political governments in topographic point in this states. The chief impacts with these Acts of the Apostless of force and sabotage on oil and gas installations are the attendant crisp monetary value swings that occur as a direct effect of decrease in capacity.Measurements OF FOSSIL FUEL CONCENTRATIONMethodologyThis starting point for mensurating the dodo fuel concentration ratio among parts is to mention to the work by Orris Herfindahl and Albert O. Hirshman[ 22 ]on the measuring of the grade of market concentration in an industry.3.1.1 THE HE RFINDAHL HIRSHMAN INDEXThe Herfindahl Hirshman Index is slackly known the grade of market concentration or a measuring of the size of a steadfast relation to the industry[ 23 ]. It provides indicant of the degree of competition between houses in an industry. Let us presume, Si is the market portion of an ith house, and so the Index is estimated by: Where S2i = market portion of an ‘ith ‘ house ( normally expressed as a per centum N = the figure of houses in the market The HHI recognises both the comparative size of the house every bit good as the figure of houses in the market. The utility of HHI to gauge fossil fuel concentration, lies in the fact that in an industry the figure is known and a weight commensurate to the market portion house is attached to each house to the ith ‘ house which when substituted into the expression gives an indicant of the degree of fight of the industry. The maximal value for HHI is 10000 reflecting a monopoly state of affairs and the lowest value is zero ( 0 ) as the market moves towards a perfect completion state of affairs[ 24 ]. ( See Figure 7 below )3.2. MEASURING THE PRICE IMPLICATION OF RESOURCE CONCENTRATION[ 25 ]The monetary value deductions of fossil fuel resource concentration can be broken into two constituents. The first portion is the Energy Security Market Concentration ( ESMC ) which is the grade of market concentration in each planetary dodo fuel market. The ESMC gives an indicant of the ‘ price hazard ‘ consequent to fossil fuel resource concentration. The 2nd portion is incorporated into an Energy Security Price Index ( ESPI ) that provides an appraisal of any given state ‘s degree of exposure to these monetary value hazards. The ESMC relies to a great extent on the work by Herfindhal Hirschman Index ( HHI ) , which is derived as the amount of the square of each market portion of all houses. Although, the planetary market for oil, coal, and gas market are considered individually, the providers ( market participants ) are assumed to be states instead than private houses. The ground for the focal point on states is because the authorities have control of the development of natural resources within their boundary lines. The inquiry of what the step of market portion should be used is besides really of import. Since unequal distribution of resources created the planetary market, the step of market portion of fossil fuels on ‘resources ‘ would be inappropriate. Market portion should non be based on production or exports but that excessively depends on monetary values and physical exports capacity. However, market portion based on net export seems good suited as it takes history of physical restrictions and the issue of whether states monetary value exports otherwise from domestic ingestion or non[ 26 ]. The ESMC for each dodo fuel type would hence be calculated utilizing the expression similar to the HHI and is given below: ESMC= a?‘ S2ifaˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦.. ( eqn 1 ) I Where Sif is the leaden portion of an single provider I in the planetary market for fuel degree Fahrenheit defined by its cyberspace export potency ( Sif varies from 0 to 100 ) . Valuess of ESMC vary from between 0, which suggests a close perfect competition state of affairs to 10,000 for a pure monopoly state of affairs. A fuel with a higher ESMC value implies a higher insecurity. Therefore since monetary value hazard is reflected in ESMC, the ‘price hazard calculated would be the same for any state. As a consequence, any state in the universe including Japan and the USA would confront the same monetary value hazards associated with resource concentration. In order to acquire a more accurate ESPI, some alterations has to be made on the ESMC to account for political instability. This is because political instability is important because fossil fuels as frequently geographically concentrated in politically sensitive parts like the Caspian Sea part for case which has been prone to many affraies. To account for political instability, the step of ESMC can be defined as ; ESMCpol= a?‘ ( ri * S2if ) aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦ ( eqn 2 ) I Where Rhode Island is the political evaluation for the state ‘i ‘ which in this survey is the World Banks administration index on political instability[ 27 ]. ESMCpol therefore scopes from 0 to 30,000 where 0 indicates a perfect competition among states with the highest degree of political stableness and 30,000 indicates a pure monopoly of a state with the worst degree of political stableness[ 28 ]. ESMCpol for coal, oil and gas that would be used to cipher ESPI in the instance surveies presented in chapter 4 will be adopted for Levefre ‘s ( 2009 ) work.ENERGY SECURITY PRICE INDEX ( ESPI )After deducing the ESMC, the ESPI must so be estimated. The ESPI reflects the exposure of a given state to the monetary value hazards linked with resource concentration. The part of the state ‘s entire concluding primary energy supply exposed to each ESMCpol value must be calculated. The ESPI is hence calculated as ESPI= a?‘ ( ESMCpol~f * Ef/TPES ) aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦ ( eqn 3 ) F Where ESMCpol-f is the ESMCpol value for peculiar dodo fuel degree Fahrenheit, Ef is the state ‘s supply exposed to the ‘price hazard ‘ of fuel degree Fahrenheit, and TPES is the state ‘s Entire Primary Energy Supply[ 29 ]. ESPI ‘s values ranges from 0 to 15000[ 30 ]MEASURING PHYSICAL AVAILABILITY IMPLICATIONS OF RESOURCE CONCENTRATIONENERGY SECURITY PHYSICAL AVAILABILITY INDEX ( ESPAI )The ESPAI is an Index which is relevant merely the gas market. In a state of affairs where the gas market is regulated, gas monetary values are non affected by the forces of demand and supply. Physical handiness hence becomes an of import security concern because demand is likely to transcend supply in a regulated government[ 31 ]. This is normally the instance in the European Union every bit good as Japan. In such state of affairss the flexibleness of gas substructures to suit strong on-peak demand determines the physical handiness hazard. During the winter months in early 2009, some parts of Europe experienced break in gas supply from Russia as a consequence of the Transit grapevine issue between Russia and Ukrain[ 32 ]. This is what happens when a state relies on merely one import grapevine for its domestic demands. Due to the comparative inflexibleness of grapevines, the physical handiness concerns are normally grapevine based imports of gas instead than LNG beginnings. The attack of measuring the ESPAI therefore is to gauge the portion of the state ‘s entire demand met by grapevine based gas imports procured through long term understandings as the ESPAI. The ESPAI can hence be expressed as ; ESPAI=Gasimp-pipe-regulated/TPES†¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ .. ( eqn 4 ) Where Gasimp-pipe-regulated is the supply of gas that is imported by grapevine based regulated contracts. ESPAI value ranges from 0 to 100. O is a state of affairs where there are no grapevine based imports ( LNG based imports ) or all purchases are made on competitory footings and 100 where the state is self sufficient in gas in the conjectural instance. The overall attack in this work with the inclusion of ESPAI is to mensurate the energy security deductions of fossil fuel concentration can be summarized as shown in Figure 8 below.WHY USA AND JAPAN?Oil is the lifeblood of the U.S. economic system[ 34 ]. America imports about 60 % of the oil it consumes, and harmonizing to 2005 estimations, approximately $ 680million is spent on oil imports per twenty-four hours[ 35 ]. Oil and natural gas monetary value additions in recent old ages has had a profound impact on U.S. concerns every bit good as on consumers in signifier of higher monetary values for goods[ 36 ]. However, since the U.S has the largest coal militias in the universe for any individual state, we shall non gauge and the ESPI for coal[ 37 ]. Japan is the 3rd largest consumer of fossil fuels in the universe but has its ain alone challenges. It is resource hapless and has to depend on imports for virtually all of it fossil fuel demands[ 38 ]. Figure 9 below shows Japans dependance on Middle East oil has grown from 73.2 % in 1973 to 86.4 % in 2007 with an all clip high of 89.9 % in 2006. Harmonizing to IEA, both states dependance on imported energy beginnings are really high. Japan ‘s energy imports rose from 81 % in 2005 to 96 % in 2006, an highly vulnerable energy supply construction[ 39 ]. America ‘s energy imports on the other manus rose from 29 % to 38 % between the same periods, a potentially vulnerable state of affairs.Beginning: IEA, Key Energy Statistics ( 2008 )Development OF ESMC ( 2004 – 2030 )In this subdivision, the attack detailed supra is applied to two OECD states, Japan and The United States of America ( U.S.A ) to measure the development of ESPI overtime. Country level informations gathered from IEA ( 2008 ) and projections from the World Economic Outlook ( 2008 ) mention scenario are used in the analysis[ 40 ]. ESMC[ 41 ]in the international oil market as estimated by Levefre is about 3700 in 2004 ( See Figure 12 ) , in the 2004 to 2010, ESMC drops somewhat before shiping on a uninterrupted rise to about 4800 in the 2004 to 2030 period stand foring an a 30 % addition between the 2004 to 2030 period[ 42 ]. 2030. The ESMCpol is about 8700 in 2004, and increases to about 11,400 by 2030. In the coal market, ESMC is about 1900 in 2004 and rises to 2300 by 2030 stand foring a 22 % growing ( See figure 13 below ) . ESMCpol is about 3000 in 2004, and rises to about 3700 in 2030, 62 % higher than ESMC. In the gas Market, the ESMC is about 2200 in a regionally constrained grapevine based gas market but when the displacement to a planetary gas market occurred, there was bead in ESMC value to shut to 1000 in 2010 and later increases to about 1100 by 2020 before making falling farther to 900 in 2030. ( See figure 13 ) ESMCpol is nevertheless 4800 in 2004, fell to1700 in 2030. Development OF ESPI JAPAN AND USA ( 2004 TO 2030 ) From figure 15 below, the development of Japan ‘s fuel mix from 1990 – 2030 shows the dominant function dodo fuels plays in the energy mix. By 2030, atomic portion would increase while fossil fuel portion would somewhat cut down. However, by 2030, Japan would still depend on fossil fuels for 80 % of its energy demands[ 43 ]. The fuel mix for the USA is similar to that of Japan bespeaking approximately 90 % dependance on fossil fuels in 2004 and falling to approximately 80 % in 2030 ( See figure 16 below )[ 44 ]. Consequences for the development of ESPI in Japan in presented in table 1 below. The ESI and the ESPAI are both based on informations collected from the IEA every bit good as assumed ESMCpol values from Levefre ( 2009 )[ 45 ] The get downing point was to gauge Ef for 2004 in Japan for all fuels ; it was found that Japan is extremely dependance on imports for its energy demands. The base old ages Ef was calculated and approximated so this computation was used to gauge an false Ef for the subsequent periods. For simpleness we would presume that 100 % of demand for oil is met through oil-indexed long-run contracts thereby exposing the entire oil demand to the oil market. Besides, we would presume 100 % exposure of coal to the market because it imports more coal than it presently domestically produces. While, it is 85 % exposed to the gas market due to the high dependance on LNG imports. For coal and oil, ESPI grew from 4133.51 to 6785.71 and 2640 to 3458 between the 2004 to 2030 period. Gas ESPI nevertheless fell from 4872 to 1433 could be due to a rapid development of the planetary market for gas. Due to the high dependance on oil in the USA, the Ef is besides calculated utilizing similar methods with Japan and for simpleness the false Ef is that the 100 % of demand for oil is met through oil-indexed long-run contracts thereby exposing the entire oil demand to the oil market. Besides, we would presume 5 % exposure of coal to the market because the USA has one of the largest coal militias in the universe. While, it is 20 % of gas demand is exposed to the gas market due to the LNG imports. For coal and oil, ESPI grew from 943 to 1293 and 27 to 87 between the 2004 to 2030 period. Like Japan, Gas ESPI besides fell from 118.40 to 93 in the period ( See table 2 above ) . Summarily, the ESPI fell from 11645 in 2004 to 9924 in 2015 and rose once more to 11678 in 2030 reflecting Japan is extremely vulnerable to Price hazards as a consequence of dodo fuel concentration. The ESPI for USA besides followed the same form although lower than that of Japan doing the USA besides vulnerable but in a better place than Japan. The value for ESPi ranges from 0 to 15000. The 2004-2030 period depicts a common tendency demoing the comparative importance of oil market hazard on energy security. The instance is more marked for Japan due to its energy hapless province. However the autumn in ESPI for gas reflects the demand to quickly heighten the development of the gas market. ( See figure 17 for the comparisons between Japan and USA ‘s ESPI )ESPAI IN JAPAN AND USA ( 2004 )Japan is the big natural gas consumer and must trust on imports for virtually all of its natural gas demands because its deficiencies international grapevine connexion. Today Japan is the largest importer of liquified natural gas ( LNG ) in the universe and presently histories for about 40 per centum of planetary LNG imports[ 47 ]. This makes it un-necessary to gauge the ESPAI because it has no grapevine contracts. ( See figure 18 below for top LNG importers in the universe ) The USA besides has limited trust on imports for its gas demands. In 2004, ESPAI is 0.1 picturing really low exposure to physical handiness of gas. ( See figure 19 )Restriction OF THIS RESEARCHThe WEO projections in the mention scenario is simply a projection of the hereafter and like any prognosis, it is capable to fluctuations therefore it must be noted that it is non an accurate prognosis of the hereafter. The major purpose of this work was to show how the attack detailed in subdivision 3 may work. However, for more formal analysis, a more accurate informations set should be used and a scenario based attack which would bring forth a sensitiveness analysis must besides be undertaken, which was non include in this surveyDecisionCAN ENERGY INSECURITY DUE TO FOSSIL FUEL CONCENTRATION BE REDUCED? The energy security challenge would go on to be a topical issue in economic, political and scientific arguments in the universe over. From the findings in this paper, the USA and Japan are presently in a vulnerable place with regard to energy security. They must therefore actively pursue policies that will better their current place. Although, fossil fuels concentration in surely creates exposure of to monetary value and physical handiness hazards, it is still unrealistic to propose an straight-out boycott of the planetary market. However, the current energy security state of affairs can still be improved in the average term every bit good as long term end by actively prosecuting variegation of their fuel blend off from fossil fuels to renewable energies that can be domestically produced[ 48 ].

Challenges and Dehumanization Dehumanization in Night by Elie Wiesel Essay Example

Challenges and Dehumanization Dehumanization in Night by Elie Wiesel Essay Example Challenges and Dehumanization Dehumanization in Night by Elie Wiesel Essay Challenges and Dehumanization Dehumanization in Night by Elie Wiesel Essay Name: Lecturer: Course: Date: Challenges and Dehumanization Dehumanization in Night by Elie Wiesel Dehumanization refers to the act of treating someone as less human and it often leads to hatred between the victim and the one who is doing the action. The book â€Å"Night† by Wiesel shows how the Jews were dehumanized in the concentration camps. The Jews are captured and treated like animals. They are transported in cars meant for transporting cattle. They were treated cruelly and they were even denied the basic rights. They were often denied food to eat and some of them died of starvation. Adults were forced to scramble for food remains with children, as each of them fought to survive. It was a world where people saw death as a way of liberation. They preferred death since it would end their suffering and misery in the world. Everyone has a right to a name but the captured Jews are denied this right. Their names are taken away and they are instead given numbers for identification. The Jews are tortured and killed and they face untold suffering. When they reach Birkenau, the weak Jews are isolated and killed by being thrown into the fire. They are treated the same way someone would treat something useless and worthless. In the book, roles reverse as the children who are fortunate enough to be with their parents are forced to take care of them. The people are left with no food and they have to fight for the few scrambles they get. It is a world where father and son fight and kill each other for survival, something so inhuman that it should never happen. Challenges in the Movie Defiance The movie â€Å"Defiance†, tells the story of two Jewish brothers who are caught up in the Nazi invasion. The brothers come home only to find that their family has been killed by the Nazis. They vow to avenge their parents’ death, and they escape and hide in the forest. They bothers have to look for ways to survive. As they do so, other Jews who have escaped death join them in the forest. The brothers are faced with many challenges, especially as the group keeps on increasing in number. The people have to live together peacefully in the midst of the turmoil. They do not have enough food and water, and they are forced to steal from the nearby farms. They have to keep on running and hiding to avoid being captured by the Germans. The situation gets worse in winter. During this period, their challenges increase due to the harsh weather conditions. The hiding Jews have to look for any means they can to survive. In one occasion, they have to fight with and run away from the G ermans. They do not have enough people to fight and they lack the necessary weapons. They are largely outnumbered by the Germans, and many of them die. Facts on the book â€Å"Night† and the movie â€Å"Defiance† The book â€Å"Night† and the movie â€Å"Defiance† are different, yet they both tell the story of the suffering and challenges faced by the Jews in 1940s. In the book, the Jews did not resist when the Germans came to capture them. They willingly obeyed what they were told and they only realized what was happening when it was too late for them to do anything. The movie on the other hand shows the resilience and courage of three young men, and the lengths they were willing to take to ensure the safety and survival of their fellow Jews. They encouraged the Jews to fight for their survival. They did not hesitate to avenge the deaths of their loved ones and their oppressors, and they killed those they considered as their enemies. The movie seems to be passing the message that had the Jews been stronger and willing to fight during the holocaust, many of them would have survived. The movie and the book are an illustration of how people have destroyed each other by their greed , lack of wisdom, and lack of courage.

Memorable Martha Graham Quotes

Memorable Martha Graham Quotes Martha Graham  (1894-1991) was one of the best-known teachers and choreographers of modern dance. Selected Martha Graham Quotations All things I do are in every woman. Every woman is Medea. Every woman is Jocasta. There comes a time when a woman is a mother to her husband. Clytemnestra is every woman when she kills. You are unique, and if that is not fulfilled, then something has been lost. Some men have thousands of reasons why they cannot do what they want to, when all they need is one reason why they can. The body is a sacred garment. There is a vitality, a life-force, an energy, a quickening that is translated through you into action and because there is only one of you in all of time, this expression is unique. And if you block it, it will never exist through any other medium and be lost. The body says what words cannot. The body is your instrument in dance, but your art is outside that creature, the body. Our arms start from the back because they were once wings. No artist is ahead of his time. He is his time. It is just that the others are behind the time. Dance is the hidden language of the soul. Dancing is just discovery, discovery, discovery. Nobody cares if you cant dance well. Just get up and dance. Great dancers are not great because of their technique, they are great because of their passion. Dance is a song of the body. Either of joy or pain. I did not want to be a tree, a flower or a wave. In a dancers body, we as audience must see ourselves, not the imitated behavior of everyday actions, not the phenomenon of nature, not exotic creatures from another planet, but something of the miracle that is a human being. I am absorbed in the magic of movement and light. Movement never lies. It is the magic of what I call the outer space of the imagination. There is a great deal of outer space, distant from our daily lives, where I feel our imagination wanders sometimes. It will find a planet or it will not find a planet, and that is what a dancer does. We look at the dance to impart the sensation of living in an affirmation of life, to energize the spectator into keener awareness of the vigor, the mystery, the humor, the variety, and the wonder of life. This is the function of the American dance. Think of the magic of that foot, comparatively small, upon which your whole weight rests. Its a miracle, and the dance is a celebration of that miracle. Dancing appears glamorous, easy, delightful. But the path to paradise of the achievement is not easier than any other. There is fatigue so great that the body cries, even in its sleep. There are times of complete frustration, there are daily small deaths. We learn by practice. Whether it means to learn to dance by practicing dancing or to learn to live by practicing living, the principles are the same. One becomes in some area an athlete of God. It takes ten years, usually, to make a dancer. It takes ten years of handling the instrument, handling the material with which you are dealing, for you to know it completely. Misery is a communicable disease. In 1980. a well-meaning fundraiser came to see me and said, Miss Graham, the most powerful thing you have going for you to raise money is your respectability. I wanted to spit. Respectable! Show me any artist who wants to be respectable. Im asked so often at ninety-six whether I believe in life after death. I do believe in the sanctity of life, the continuity of life and of energy. I know the anonymity of death has no appeal for me. It is the now that I must face and want to face.

Strategic Business Planning portfolio Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Strategic Business Planning portfolio - Essay Example The assignment comes in two portfolios labeled portfolio A and portfolio B by the writer. Whereas the portfolio A generally touches on the strengths and limitations of the plan and the degree to which it meets the needs of its target audience, the portfolio B critically evaluate the financial content of the plan, in particular: evaluate the extent to which the financial content meets the needs of potential investors. The writer find the assignment extremely important because as much as it serves as guiding tool for the organizations involved, it could also sharpen the writer’s skills and knowledge in building and assessing business plans for future needs. The company under scrutiny is Vusion Inc. Summary of Vusion Inc’s Business Plan Writing a business plan is an integral part of the administration of businesses, corporate bodies, organizations and companies (Bawuah, 2004). To a larger extent, getting the rubrics right is like an examination paper to a student. Though n ot an academic document, in order that writers of business plans achieve the desired aim for generally writing a business plan, there are certain criteria that need to be met. When summed, a workable business plan should have the capacity to tell a potential investor every good thing about a company and why the company is viable for investment. According to the Centre for Business Planning (2011), â€Å"Vusion is developing a chemical analyzer and Sensor Cartridge, based upon the Electronic Tongue TM technology, which can instantly analyze complex chemical solutions†. The central intention of the organization to pursue its current business plan sterns from the fact that the organization has realized that â€Å"many liquid processing industries do not have the technology available for real-time measurement of product quality† (Centre for Business Planning, 2011), To this end, the organization wishes to take advantage of the situation by introducing an analyzer and Senso r Cartridge that â€Å"will enable economical, real-time analysis of many complex chemical solutions, instantly identifying the presence and quantity of multiple chemicals within a mixture† (Centre for Business Planning, 2011). The core marketing and distribution strategy held by the organization is to merge with existing companies who are in related trade and who have already established themselves as giants â€Å"process control original equipment manufacturers (OEM) that supply instrumentation to fine chemical manufacturers, pharmaceutical companies, and biotechnological companies.† The company’s initial capital for its venture is $1,500,000, which is hoped to $8m in the following year and $12m in the third year. With all these investment, â€Å"Vusion projects $57 million in revenue with $11 million in net income by Year 6† (Centre for Business Planning, 2011). Portfolio A This portfolio is limited to evaluating all aspects of the business plan except the financial aspect. The organization in question for this portfolio is Vusion Inc. To achieve a well organized and coherent evaluation, the writer is conducting the evaluation under specific themes, created out of Blechman’